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Who is Rosa Parks? Rosa Parks, born Rosa Louise McCauley on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama, is celebrated as a pivotal figure in the American civil rights movement. Her most notable act of defiance occurred on December 1, 1955, when she refused to yield her bus seat to a white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama. Who was Rosa Parks? Rosa Parks is widely recognized as a pivotal figure in the Civil Rights Movement. On December 1, 1955, she refused to give up her seat on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama, an act that sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped to end segregation on public transportation. Parks was born Rosa Louise McCauley on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama. Her parents, James and Leona McCauley, separated when Parks was two. Parks’ mother moved the family to Pine Level, Alabama, to live with her parents, Rose and Sylvester Edwards. Rosa Louise McCauley was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, on February 4, 1913.She moved with her parents, James and Leona McCauley, to Pine Level, Alabama, at age 2 to reside with Leona’s parents. Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, born on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama, never had children of her own but maintained close relationships with her nieces and nephews, who now uphold her legacy. After her parents' separation, Rosa and her brother moved with their mother to Montgomery, Alabama, where they lived on their maternal grandparents Showcases rarely seen materials that offer an intimate view of Rosa Parks and documents her life and activism—creating a rich opportunity for viewers to discover new dimensions to their understanding of this seminal figure. The materials are drawn extensively from the Rosa Parks Collection, a gift to the Library of Congress from the Howard G. Buffett Foundation. Rosa Parks was a dear, dear friend of mine. This is my account of her story.-Dr. Ruth Love, Professor, UC Berkeley Rosa Louise Parks changed the course of history! In her quiet, determined and courageous manner – she sat so that others could stand. Life in the South. Segregation was commonplace in southern states. The Early Years: Tracing Rosa Parks’ Roots. Rosa Louise McCauley was born on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama. Her parents were Leona Edwards and James McCauley. While Rosa’s immediate family played an important role in shaping her character and values, it is equally important to explore the historical context in which she grew up. Rosa Parks’ parents, Leona and James McCauley, were both African American, and their national identity shaped the broader African American experience in the United States during the early 20th century. Both of her parents were born and raised in the South, with Leona, a schoolteacher, rooted in Alabama, while James, a carpenter, hailed from Rosa Parks was born Rosa Louise McCauley on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama, USA, to Leona and James McCauley. She belonged to a middle class family. Her father was a carpenter, while her mother was a teacher. Her parents separated and she moved to Pine Level with her mother. ↑ Rita Dove, Rosa Parks: Her simple act of protest galvanized America's civil rights revolution, TIME Magazine, June 14, 1999. Retrieved January 21, 2008. ↑ National Transit Tribute to Rosa Parks Day American Public Transportation Association. ↑ President Signs H.R. 4145 to Place Statue of Rosa Parks in U.S. Capitol The White House In 1943 Rosa Parks joined the local chapter of the NAACP and was elected secretary. Two years later, she registered to vote, after twice being denied. By 1949 Parks was advisor to the local NAACP Youth Council. Under her guidance, youth members challenged the Jim Crow system by checking books out of whites-only libraries. Leona, now pregnant with her second child, took Rosa and moved in with her parents because James was always away. Rosa only saw her father a couple of times from that point until after she was married, and her parents’ marriage was not able to last. Rosa learned a lot about her family history while living with her grandparents. Rosa Parks: In Her Own Words, Library of Congress exhibit, December 5, 2019–May 31, 2022. Includes many photos and other primary source documents. National Archives Catalog. Images of the 1955 Police Report and Fingerprinting relating to arrest of Rosa L Parks are attached as exhibits to case file for Aurelia S. Browder et al. v. W. A. Gayle Rosa Parks (born February 4, 1913, Tuskegee, Alabama, U.S.—died October 24, 2005, Detroit, Michigan) was an American civil rights activist whose refusal to relinquish her seat on a public bus precipitated the 1955–56 Montgomery bus boycott in Alabama, which became the spark that ignited the civil rights movement in the United States. Rosa Parks, a name that resonates with courage and defiance, ushered in a new era of civil rights in the United States. Her singular act of refusing to surrender her bus seat to a white passenger on December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, ignited a movement that would change the course of American history. She experienced many difficulties in her community and had trouble holding a job. And three years after her arrest, she left Montgomery for New York. Side note, Colvin has allegedly said that Rosa Parks had "the right hair and the right look" to be the bus boycott's icon. In On the Bus with Rosa Parks , Rita Dove explores the intersection of individual fates and the grand arc of history. The book culminates in “On the Bus with Rosa Parks,” a series which brings the reader right into the heart of the civil rights struggle with poems like “Freedom Ride” (but where you sit is Rosa Parks (center, in dark coat and hat) rides a bus at the end of the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Montgomery, Alabama, Dec. 26, 1956. Don Cravens/The LIFE Images Collection via Getty Images/Getty Images. Most of us know Rosa Parks as the African American woman who quietly, but firmly, refused to give up her bus seat to a white person Dec. 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama. That small act of Up from Pine Level Nobody knows exactly where in Tuskegee, Alabama, Rosa McCauley was born on February 4, 1913. The town newspaper reported that the skies were clear and it was unseasonably warm that day, but beyond that, and the fact that she was named after her maternal grandmother, Rose, virtually no reliable documentation exists on the early years of Rosa Louise Parks.
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