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Rosa Parks is best known for refusing to give up her seat on a segregated bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955, which sparked a yearlong boycott that was a turning point in the civil Timeline of the Montgomery Bus Boycott December 1, 1955 – Rosa Parks Refuses to Give Up Her Seat. Rosa Parks, a 42-year-old African American seamstress and an active member of the local chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), boards a city bus in Montgomery, Alabama, and takes a seat in the On December 5, 1955, just days after Rosa Park's historic arrest for refusing to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and his wife Coretta watched tensely from their living room window as the first moments of the Montomery Bus Boycott unfolded. On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, a seamstress and secretary of the local NAACP, refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man. As a result, Parks was arrested for violating a city law. Parks’ actions and subsequent arrest launched the Montgomery Bus Boycott, pushing Martin Luther King Jr. into the national spotlight. Rosa Parks first met bus driver James Blake. After paying her bus fare, Blake ordered Parks to board from the back of the bus. She walked to the back door and Blake drove away without her. December 1, 1955: Rosa Parks attended a seminar. Rosa’s arrest sparks the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a mass protest organized by the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA), led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The boycott lasts for 381 days and ends with a Supreme Court ruling that segregation on buses is unconstitutional. Rosa Parks jotted down this chronology of the bus boycott and its immediate aftermath in the course of reading Martin King, Jr.’s, book, Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story (1958). She included King’s arrival in Montgomery, her arrest and trial, the subsequent array of legal actions, and the bombings of homes and churches. For 382 days, almost the entire African American population of Montgomery, Alabama, including leaders Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks, refused to ride on segregated buses. Arrested on December 1 and charged with violating Montgomery, Alabama, segregation laws by refusing to give up her bus seat to a white passenger. Participated in organizing a boycott of the Montgomery bus system Before the bus boycott, Jim Crow laws mandated the racial segregation of the Montgomery Bus Line. As a result of this segregation, African Americans were not hired as drivers, were forced to ride in the back of the bus, and were frequently ordered to surrender their seats to white people even though black passengers made up 75% of the bus system's riders. [2] Rosa Parks (1913—2005) helped initiate the civil rights movement in the United States when she refused to give up her seat to a white man on a Montgomery, Alabama bus in 1955. Her actions Montgomery bus boycott, mass protest against the bus system of Montgomery, Alabama, by civil rights activists and their supporters that led to a 1956 U.S. Supreme Court decision declaring that Montgomery’s segregation laws on buses were unconstitutional. The boycott was led by the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. December 5, 1955 to December 20, 1956. Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on 1 December 1955, the Montgomery bus boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional. Gayle resulted in a November 1956 decision that bus segregation is unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Parks's act of defiance and the Montgomery bus boycott became important symbols of the movement. Rosa Parks (born February 4, 1913, Tuskegee, Alabama, U.S.—died October 24, 2005, Detroit, Michigan) was an American civil rights activist whose refusal to relinquish her seat on a public bus precipitated the 1955–56 Montgomery bus boycott in Alabama, which became the spark that ignited the civil rights movement in the United States. Montgomery Bus Boycott Why did the Montgomery Bus Boycott succeed? Guiding Questions Document B: Letter from Robinson to Mayor 1. (sourcing) How long before Rosa Parks’ arrest was this letter written? 2. (sourcing) What was Robinson’s purpose for writing to the mayor? 3. Impacts of the Montgomery Bus Boycott. The Montgomery bus boycott was a significant success of the civil rights movement. Together with the Brown vs Topeka ruling, it helped to end segregation in another area of society. It made civil rights activists more determined to gain equality. The boycott made Martin Luther King a famous civil rights The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a pivotal event in the American civil rights movement that took place in Montgomery, Alabama, from December 1955 to December 1956. It was sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks, an African American woman who refused to give up her bus seat to a white passenger. Following her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Rosa Parks faced significant challenges. Despite becoming an emblematic figure of the Civil Rights Movement, Parks lost her job at the department store and her husband, Raymond, was also dismissed from his position due to the backlash stemming from her protest. After Rosa Parks got arrested from sitting on a White man's seat and refusing to give it up, she was arrested, and on the same day the Montgomery Bus Boycott began. Dec 20, 1956 The End of the Montgomery Bus Boycott
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